Introduction
The natural world is a treasure trove of secrets, and among its many wonders are the potent substances produced by various creatures, namely venom and poison. Scientists and researchers have long been fascinated by these biochemical marvels, delving into the intricacies of how they function and exploring potential applications. From snakes and spiders to frogs and insects, the study of animal venom and poison has become a captivating field, offering insights into the complex interactions between organisms and the Environment.
Why Study Poison and Venom?
Understanding the composition and effects of animal venom and poison is crucial for a multitude of reasons. Firstly, it provides invaluable knowledge for medical research, offering insights into the development of new drugs and treatments. Venomous creatures often produce compounds that can act as powerful toxins, but they may also contain substances with therapeutic potential.
Additionally, studying these substances helps enhance our understanding of evolutionary processes, as the ability to produce venom or poison has evolved independently in various species as a survival mechanism.
Animals Currently Being Studied
Snakes:
Venomous snakes such as the king cobra, rattlesnake, and black mamba are subjects of intensive study due to the diverse and potent compounds found in their venom.
Spiders:
The venom of spiders like the Brazilian wandering spider and the funnel-web spider contains unique proteins that have applications in medicine.
Marine Creatures:
From the box jellyfish to cone snails, marine animals contribute a wealth of venomous compounds that are being researched for pharmaceutical purposes.
Insects:
Certain ants and bees, like the bullet ant and the honeybee, produce venom that has potential medicinal uses and is being explored for therapeutic applications.
Frogs:
Poison dart frogs, found in Central and South America, secrete potent toxins, some of which have been investigated for their potential pharmacological properties.
Here are some of the careers where you may work with animal-related poison and venom:
1. Herpetologist
A herpetologist is a scientist who studies and works specifically with reptiles and amphibians. They may also specialise and study specific animals, such as venomous snakes and frogs.
How to become a Herpetologist
Generally, herpetologists must have at least a bachelor’s degree for an entry-level job.
More scientific jobs will require a minimum of a master’s degree.
Study Focus
Major –
Study subjects such as biology, animal behaviour, animal science, or zoology. Further focus on Herpetology subjects will be required.
Short Courses:
Much of the practical things you will do need to be learned through the completion of short courses, such as snake wrangling, first aid, etc.
Career Name – Herpetologist
Category – Business / Marine Conservation / Wildlife Conservation / Scientists /Zoos, Aquariums, Museums and Theme Parks
Skills Required – Life skills 40% – Career skills 60%
Basic School Subjects – Biology, Science, Maths
Required Basic Education – Bachelor’s Degree
Species Worked With – Reptiles and Amphibians
Kind of Interaction with Animals – Direct
Helpful Links
Career Profiles:
2. Venom Milker
A venom milker is a specialist who is able to extract venom from animals such as snakes, spiders, and scorpions for the purpose of creating anti-venom or for medical research.
How to become a Venom Milker
The minimum educational requirement to become a venom milker is a bachelor’s degree in a scientific field.
Study Focus
Major –
Most milkers focus on studies in biology, herpetology, toxicology, or zoology.
Short Courses:
Courses in learning more about the toxicity of individual animal species and the extraction of their venom or poison for medicinal use.
Name – Venom Milker
Category – Health / Business
Skills Required – Life skills 40% – Career skills 60%
Basic School Subjects – Biology, Business Studies, Mathematics
Minimum Required Education – Bachelor’s Degree
Species Worked With – Reptiles, Arachnids
Kind of Interaction with Animals – Direct
Helpful Links
Career Profiles:
3. Venom Researcher
A venom researcher or toxinologist, is a scientist who specialises in the study of toxins, including those found in animal venom and poison.
How to become a Venom Researcher
The minimum educational requirement to become a venom researcher is a bachelor’s degree in a scientific field. Most researchers progress on to a Master’s or even a Doctoral degree.
Study Focus
Major –
Most researchers focus on studies in chemical analysis, biology, molecular bioscience, virology, and toxicology.
Short Courses:
Courses in learning more about the toxicity of individual animal species and the application of their venom or poison for medicinal use.
Career Name – Venom Researcher
Category – Health / Scientist
Skills Required – Life skills 40% – Career skills 60%
Basic School Subjects – Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics
Minimum Required Education – Bachelor’s Degree
Species Worked With – Insects, Reptiles, Arachnids, Mollusks
Kind of Interaction with Animals – Direct
Helpful Links
Career Profiles:
4. Pharmacologist
A pharmacologist develops new medicine by analysing chemicals and other substances to find out how they affect living beings, such as animals.
Specialists may investigate the potential medical applications of venomous compounds.
How to become a Pharmacologist
The minimum required qualification will be a bachelor’s degree. As this field is highly competitive, most students do study further towards a doctorate degree (PhD) to ensure that they get a good job.
Study Focus
Major –
You might need to find universities that offer pharmacology as a major with a focus on biology, biochemistry, chemistry, and physiology.
Short Courses:
Complete as many short courses as you can in basic biology and handling laboratory equipment.
Career Name – Pharmacologist
Categories – Animal Health / Scientific
Skills Required – Life skills 40% – Career skills 60%
Basic School Subjects – Biology, Science, Maths, Language
Minimum Tertiary Education – Bachelor’s Degree
Species Worked With – Pets, Critters, Farm Animals, Wildlife
Kind of Interaction with Animals – Direct
Helpful Links
Career Profiles:
5. Conservation Biologist
A conservation biologist focuses on the protection and preservation of natural Biodiversity, ecosystems, and the species that they contain.
Some of them are working to protect and conserve venomous species and their ecosystems.
How to become a Conservation Biologist
Typically, a bachelor’s degree is the starting point.
Many conservation biologists pursue a master’s or doctoral degree, especially for research or specialised roles. Advanced degrees might focus on conservation biology, environmental policy, or related fields.
Subject focus:
Major –
A degree in biology, ecology, environmental science, or a related field is the starting point. Courses might include ecology, genetics, environmental science, and conservation biology.
Short Courses:
It is important to try to complete as many short courses as possible. You might be allowed to do some of them while still in school. Focus on things that include field work and conservation.
Career Name – Conservation Biologist
Category – Marine Conservation / Wildlife Conservation / Specialist
Skills Required – Life skills 40% – Career skills 60%
Basic School Subjects – STEM, Social Science,, Language
Minimum Required Education – Bachelor’s Degree
Species Worked With – Wildlife
Kind of Interaction with Animals – Direct
Helpful Links
Career Profiles:
In the realm of animal venom and poison, the convergence of biology, chemistry, and medicine offers a rich tapestry of discovery. As we unlock the secrets hidden within the venoms of diverse creatures, we not only gain insights into the marvels of evolution but also open new doors for medical advancements.
The collaboration between researchers, scientists, and conservationists underscores the importance of responsible exploration, ensuring that our quest for knowledge benefits both humanity and the delicate ecosystems that harbour these fascinating and sometimes deadly biochemical compounds. The study of animal venom and poison stands as a testament to our relentless pursuit of understanding the natural world and harnessing its wonders for the betterment of society.
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